Traditional arts have been passed from generation to
generation. And certain regions specialize in certain types of arts. When the
kingdom was first established, among the first items on the to-do list were the
Thirteen Traditional Arts (known as zorig
chusum). These are paper making, stonework, blacksmithing, clay arts, painting,
bronze casting, wood/slate/stone carving, woodturning, woodworking, weaving,
silver/goldsmithing, cane/bamboo work, needlework.
There are also other types of art that you’ll also find in
Bhutan. Large-scale sculpture is popular, especially clay sculptures of
religious images and figures. Another art form is sword making. Ceremonial
swords are commonly given to those who are being commemorated for their
outstanding achievements. Boot making is also especially important. It’s not
only for ceremonial purposes, but the color signifies different social
standings: orange is for ministers, senior governmental officials wear red, and
regular people wear white boots. And since archery is the national sport, it’s
no surprise that they also specialize in creating specialty bows and arrows.
Depending on the season, and the type of sport and target used, different
materials and designs may be utilized.
Jewelry making is also a popular art form, especially for women. Gold
and silver is used in many pieces, as well as turquoise, coral, agate, and
other gem stones.
Literature in Bhutan is almost all related to Buddhist
ideologies. Even a lot of its written history is entwined with Buddhist history
and its main players. There are actually several genres of literature in Bhutan,
even though some seem somewhat similar to each other. Among these are dharma
history (teachings of Buddha), religious biographies, historical chronicles,
epics (like the ever popular Ling Gesar Gyalpo), folk songs, poetry (both
religious and ornate), catalogues (lists of how to build dzongs [traditional
style buildings], relics, etc.), and dictionaries.
Up next: Music and Art
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